<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>


<!--  FILE :cAMP_PKA_cascade.xml

CREATED :  29th October 2002

LAST MODIFIED : 5th April 2003

AUTHOR :  Catherine Lloyd
          Bioengineering Institute
          The University of Auckland
          
MODEL STATUS :  This model conforms to the CellML 1.0 Specification released on
10th August 2001, and the 16/01/2002 CellML Metadata 1.0 Specification.

DESCRIPTION :  This file contains a CellML description of Kamp and Hell's 2000 kinetic analysis of the regulation of cardiac L-type Ca2+ channels by protein kinase A.

CHANGES:  
  05/04/2003 - AAC - Changed the model name so the model loads in the database 
                     easier.

-->

<model name="cAMP_PKA_cascade_2000" cmeta:id="cAMP_PKA_cascade" xmlns="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" xmlns:cellml="http://www.cellml.org/cellml/1.0#" xmlns:cmeta="http://www.cellml.org/metadata/1.0#">
  <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:bqs="http://www.cellml.org/bqs/1.0#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:vCard="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">
    <!--
      The following RDF block contains metadata that applies to this document
      as a whole, as indicated by the empty about attribute on the 
      <rdf:Description> element.
    -->
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="">
      <!--
        The Model Builder Metadata.  The Dublin Core "creator" element is used  
        to indicate the person who translated the model into CellML.
      -->
      <dc:creator rdf:parseType="Resource">
        <vCard:N rdf:parseType="Resource">
          <vCard:Family>Lloyd</vCard:Family>
          <vCard:Given>Catherine</vCard:Given>
          <vCard:Other>May</vCard:Other>
        </vCard:N>
        <vCard:EMAIL rdf:parseType="Resource">
          <rdf:value>c.lloyd@auckland.ac.nz</rdf:value>
          <rdf:type rdf:resource="http://imc.org/vCard/3.0#internet" />
        </vCard:EMAIL>
        <vCard:ORG rdf:parseType="Resource">
          <vCard:Orgname>The University of Auckland</vCard:Orgname>
          <vCard:Orgunit>The Bioengineering Institute</vCard:Orgunit>
        </vCard:ORG>
      </dc:creator>
      
      <!--
        The Creation Date metadata. This is the date on which the model
        was translated into CellML.
      -->
      <dcterms:created rdf:parseType="Resource">
        <dcterms:W3CDTF>2002-10-29</dcterms:W3CDTF>
      </dcterms:created>
      
      <!--
        The Modification History metadata. This lists the changes that have been
        made to the document, who made the changes, and when they were made.
      -->
      <cmeta:modification rdf:parseType="Resource">
        <rdf:value>
          Changed the model name so the model loads in the database easier.
        </rdf:value>
        <cmeta:modifier rdf:parseType="Resource">
          <vCard:N rdf:parseType="Resource">
            <vCard:Family>Cuellar</vCard:Family>
            <vCard:Given>Autumn</vCard:Given>
            <vCard:Other>A</vCard:Other>
          </vCard:N>
        </cmeta:modifier>
        <dcterms:modified rdf:parseType="Resource"> 
          <dcterms:W3CDTF>2003-04-05</dcterms:W3CDTF>
        </dcterms:modified>
      </cmeta:modification>
      
      <!-- The Publisher metadata. -->
      <dc:publisher>
        The University of Auckland, Bioengineering Institute
      </dc:publisher>
    </rdf:Description>
    
    <!--
      The following metadata refers to the model itself, as indicated by the
      reference to the ID "cAMP_PKA_cascade", which is declared on the  
      <model> element.
    -->
    <rdf:Description rdf:about="#cAMP_PKA_cascade">
      <!-- A human readable name for the model. -->
      <dc:title>
        Kamp and Hell's 2000 kinetic analysis of the regulation of cardiac 
        L-type Ca2+ channels by protein kinase A.
      </dc:title>
      
      <!-- A comment regarding the model. -->
      <cmeta:comment rdf:parseType="Resource">
        <rdf:value>
          This is the CellML descripition of Kamp and Hell's 2000 kinetic 
          analysis of the regulation of cardiac L-type Ca2+ channels by protein 
          kinase A.
        </rdf:value>
        <!-- The creator of the comment. -->
        <dc:creator rdf:parseType="Resource">
          <vCard:FN>Catherine Lloyd</vCard:FN>
        </dc:creator>
      </cmeta:comment>
      
      <!--  Keyword(s) -->
      <bqs:reference rdf:parseType="Resource">
        <dc:subject rdf:parseType="Resource">
          <bqs:subject_type>keyword</bqs:subject_type>
          <rdf:value>signal transduction</rdf:value>
        </dc:subject>
      </bqs:reference>
      
      <!-- 
        The CellML Metadata Specification recommends that bibliographic metadata
        is used to provide information about the original model reference.  The 
        "identifier" attribute on the "BibliographicReference" class provides an
        elegant way to identify a cited reference using a database identifier   
        such as Pubmed.  All associated data such as author, journal title,     
        date, etc can be looked up on the database.
      -->
      <bqs:reference rdf:parseType="Resource">
        <bqs:Pubmed_id>11110765</bqs:Pubmed_id>
        <bqs:JournalArticle rdf:parseType="Resource">
          <dc:creator>
            <rdf:Seq>
              <rdf:li rdf:parseType="Resource">
                <bqs:Person rdf:parseType="Resource">
                  <vCard:N rdf:parseType="Resource">
                    <vCard:Family>Kamp</vCard:Family>
                    <vCard:Given>Timothy</vCard:Given>
                    <vCard:Other>J</vCard:Other>
                  </vCard:N>
                </bqs:Person>
              </rdf:li>
              <rdf:li rdf:parseType="Resource">
                <bqs:Person rdf:parseType="Resource">
                  <vCard:N rdf:parseType="Resource">
                    <vCard:Family>Hell</vCard:Family>
                    <vCard:Given>Johannes</vCard:Given>
                    <vCard:Other>W</vCard:Other>
                  </vCard:N>
                </bqs:Person>
              </rdf:li>
            </rdf:Seq>
          </dc:creator>
          <dc:title>
            Regulation of Cardiac L-Type Calcium Channels by Protein Kinase A 
            and Protein Kinase C
          </dc:title>
          <dcterms:issued rdf:parseType="Resource">
            <dcterms:W3CDTF>2000-12-08</dcterms:W3CDTF>
          </dcterms:issued>
          <bqs:Journal rdf:parseType="Resource">
            <dc:title>Circulation Research</dc:title>
          </bqs:Journal>
          <bqs:volume>87</bqs:volume>
          <bqs:first_page>1095</bqs:first_page>
          <bqs:last_page>1102</bqs:last_page>
        </bqs:JournalArticle>
      </bqs:reference>
    </rdf:Description>
  </rdf:RDF>
    
  <!--
    Below, we define some additional units for association with variables and
    constants within the model. The identifiers are fairly self-explanatory.
  -->

   <units name="micromolar">
      <unit prefix="micro" units="mole" />
      <unit units="litre" exponent="-1" />
   </units>
   
   <units name="flux">
      <unit units="micromolar" exponent="1" />
      <unit units="second" exponent="-1" />
   </units>
   
   <units name="first_order_rate_constant">
      <unit units="second" exponent="-1" />
   </units>
  
   <units name="second_order_rate_constant">
      <unit units="micromolar" exponent="-1" />
      <unit units="second" exponent="-1" />
   </units>
  
  <!--
    The "environment" component is used to declare variables that are used by
    all or most of the other components, in this case just "time".
  -->
   
   <component name="environment">
      <variable name="time" public_interface="out" units="second" />
   </component>
   
   <!--
     The following components describe all the reactants, products, enzymes, 
     activators and inhibitors involved in the reactions. 
   --> 
  
   <component name="Beta1_AR" cmeta:id="Beta1_AR">
      <variable name="Beta1_AR" public_interface="out" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_Beta1_AR_rxn1" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq />
            <apply>
               <diff />
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Beta1_AR</ci>
            </apply>
            <ci>delta_Beta1_AR_rxn1</ci>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
  
   <component name="active_Gs" cmeta:id="active_Gs">
      <variable name="active_Gs" public_interface="out" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_active_Gs_rxn7" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq />
            <apply>
               <diff />
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>active_Gs</ci>
            </apply>
            <ci>delta_active_Gs_rxn7</ci>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
  
   <component name="active_AC" cmeta:id="active_AC">
      <variable name="active_AC" public_interface="out" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_active_AC_rxn4" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq />
            <apply>
               <diff />
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>active_AC</ci>
            </apply>
            <ci>delta_active_AC_rxn4</ci>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
  
   <component name="M2" cmeta:id="M2">
      <variable name="M2" public_interface="out" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_M2_rxn0" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq />
            <apply>
               <diff />
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>M2</ci>
            </apply>
            <ci>delta_M2_rxn0</ci>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
  
   <component name="active_Gi" cmeta:id="active_Gi">
      <variable name="active_Gi" public_interface="out" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_active_Gi_rxn10" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq />
            <apply>
               <diff />
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>active_Gi</ci>
            </apply>
            <ci>delta_active_Gi_rxn10</ci>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   
   <component name="ATP" cmeta:id="ATP">
      <variable name="ATP" public_interface="out" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_ATP_rxn3" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq />
            <apply>
               <diff />
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>ATP</ci>
            </apply>
            <ci>delta_ATP_rxn3</ci>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
  
   <component name="cAMP" cmeta:id="cAMP">
      <variable name="cAMP" public_interface="out" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_cAMP_rxn3" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
      <variable name="delta_cAMP_rxn12" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq />
            <apply>
               <diff />
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>cAMP</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <plus />
               <ci>delta_cAMP_rxn3</ci>
               <ci>delta_cAMP_rxn12</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
  
   <component name="L_type_Ca_channel" cmeta:id="L_type_Ca_channel">
      <variable name="L_type_Ca_channel" public_interface="out" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_L_type_Ca_channel_rxn13" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq />
            <apply>
               <diff />
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>L_type_Ca_channel</ci>
            </apply>
            <ci>delta_L_type_Ca_channel_rxn13</ci>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
  
   <component name="active_PKA" cmeta:id="active_PKA">
      <variable name="active_PKA" public_interface="out" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_active_PKA_rxn14" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq />
            <apply>
               <diff />
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>active_PKA</ci>
            </apply>
            <ci>delta_active_PKA_rxn14</ci>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   
   <component name="Beta2_AR" cmeta:id="Beta2_AR">
      <variable name="Beta2_AR" public_interface="out" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_Beta2_AR_rxn2" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq />
            <apply>
               <diff />
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Beta2_AR</ci>
            </apply>
            <ci>delta_Beta2_AR_rxn2</ci>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   
   <component name="PP1" cmeta:id="PP1">
      <variable name="PP1" public_interface="out" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
   </component>
   
   <component name="PP2A" cmeta:id="PP2A">
      <variable name="PP2A" public_interface="out" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
   </component>
   
   <component name="P" cmeta:id="P">
      <variable name="P" public_interface="out" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_P_rxn13" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq />
            <apply>
               <diff />
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>P</ci>
            </apply>
            <ci>delta_P_rxn13</ci>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
  
   <component name="Adrenaline" cmeta:id="Adrenaline">
      <variable name="Adrenaline" public_interface="out" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_Adrenaline_rxn1" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
      <variable name="delta_Adrenaline_rxn2" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq />
            <apply>
               <diff />
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Adrenaline</ci>
            </apply>
            <apply>
               <plus />
               <ci>delta_Adrenaline_rxn1</ci>
               <ci>delta_Adrenaline_rxn2</ci>
            </apply>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
  
   <component name="Acetylcholine" cmeta:id="Acetylcholine">
      <variable name="Acetylcholine" public_interface="out" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_Acetylcholine_rxn0" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq />
            <apply>
               <diff />
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Acetylcholine</ci>
            </apply>
            <ci>delta_Acetylcholine_rxn0</ci>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   
   <component name="Acetylcholine_M2_complex" cmeta:id="Acetylcholine_M2_complex">
      <variable name="Acetylcholine_M2_complex" public_interface="out" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_Acetylcholine_M2_complex_rxn0" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq />
            <apply>
               <diff />
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Acetylcholine_M2_complex</ci>
            </apply>
            <ci>delta_Acetylcholine_M2_complex_rxn0</ci>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
  
   <component name="Adrenaline_beta1_AR_complex" cmeta:id="Adrenaline_beta1_AR_complex">
      <variable name="Adrenaline_beta1_AR_complex" public_interface="out" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_Adrenaline_beta1_AR_complex_rxn1" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq />
            <apply>
               <diff />
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Adrenaline_beta1_AR_complex</ci>
            </apply>
            <ci>delta_Adrenaline_beta1_AR_complex_rxn1</ci>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
  
   <component name="Adrenaline_beta2_AR_complex" cmeta:id="Adrenaline_beta2_AR_complex">
      <variable name="Adrenaline_beta2_AR_complex" public_interface="out" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_Adrenaline_beta2_AR_complex_rxn2" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq />
            <apply>
               <diff />
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Adrenaline_beta2_AR_complex</ci>
            </apply>
            <ci>delta_Adrenaline_beta2_AR_complex_rxn2</ci>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
  
   <component name="inactive_AC" cmeta:id="inactive_AC">
      <variable name="inactive_AC" public_interface="out" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_inactive_AC_rxn4" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq />
            <apply>
               <diff />
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>inactive_AC</ci>
            </apply>
            <ci>delta_inactive_AC_rxn4</ci>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
  
   <component name="inactive_Gs" cmeta:id="inactive_Gs">
      <variable name="inactive_Gs" public_interface="out" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_inactive_Gs_rxn7" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq />
            <apply>
               <diff />
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>inactive_Gs</ci>
            </apply>
            <ci>delta_inactive_Gs_rxn7</ci>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
 
   <component name="inactive_Gi" cmeta:id="inactive_Gi">
      <variable name="inactive_Gi" public_interface="out" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_inactive_Gi_rxn10" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq />
            <apply>
               <diff />
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>inactive_Gi</ci>
            </apply>
            <ci>delta_inactive_Gi_rxn10</ci>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
  
   <component name="AMP" cmeta:id="AMP">
      <variable name="AMP" public_interface="out" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_AMP_rxn12" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq />
            <apply>
               <diff />
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>AMP</ci>
            </apply>
            <ci>delta_AMP_rxn12</ci>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   
   <component name="PDE" cmeta:id="PDE">
      <variable name="PDE" public_interface="out" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
   </component>
   
   <component name="Phosphorylated_active_L_type_Ca_channel" cmeta:id="Phosphorylated_active_L_type_Ca_channel">
      <variable name="Phosphorylated_active_L_type_Ca_channel" public_interface="out" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_Phosphorylated_active_L_type_Ca_channel_rxn13" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq />
            <apply>
               <diff />
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Phosphorylated_active_L_type_Ca_channel</ci>
            </apply>
            <ci>delta_Phosphorylated_active_L_type_Ca_channel_rxn13</ci>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
  
   <component name="inactive_PKA" cmeta:id="inactive_PKA">
      <variable name="inactive_PKA" public_interface="out" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_inactive_PKA_rxn14" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq />
            <apply>
               <diff />
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>inactive_PKA</ci>
            </apply>
            <ci>delta_inactive_PKA_rxn14</ci>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   
   <component name="Extracellular_Ca" cmeta:id="Extracellular_Ca">
      <variable name="Extracellular_Ca" public_interface="out" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_Extracellular_Ca_rxn18" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq />
            <apply>
               <diff />
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Extracellular_Ca</ci>
            </apply>
            <ci>delta_Extracellular_Ca_rxn18</ci>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   
   <component name="Intracellular_Ca" cmeta:id="Intracellular_Ca">
      <variable name="Intracellular_Ca" public_interface="out" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_Intracellular_Ca_rxn18" public_interface="in" units="flux" />
      <variable name="time" public_interface="in" units="second" />
      <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
         <apply>
            <eq />
            <apply>
               <diff />
               <bvar>
                  <ci>time</ci>
               </bvar>
               <ci>Intracellular_Ca</ci>
            </apply>
            <ci>delta_Intracellular_Ca_rxn18</ci>
         </apply>
      </math>
   </component>
   
   <!--
    The following components describe the reactions of the model.
   -->
   
   <component name="reaction0">
      <variable name="M2" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="Acetylcholine" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="Acetylcholine_M2_complex" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_M2_rxn0" public_interface="out" units="flux" />
      <variable name="delta_Acetylcholine_rxn0" public_interface="out" units="flux" />
      <variable name="delta_Acetylcholine_M2_complex_rxn0" public_interface="out" units="flux" />
      <variable name="k0" initial_value="1.0" units="second_order_rate_constant" />
      <variable name="rate" units="flux" />
      <reaction reversible="no">
         <variable_ref variable="M2">
            <role role="reactant" delta_variable="delta_M2_rxn0" stoichiometry="1" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="Acetylcholine">
            <role role="reactant" delta_variable="delta_Acetylcholine_rxn0" stoichiometry="1" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="Acetylcholine_M2_complex">
            <role role="product" delta_variable="delta_Acetylcholine_M2_complex_rxn0" stoichiometry="1" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="rate">
            <role role="rate">
               <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
                  <apply>
                     <eq />
                     <ci>rate</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <times />
                        <ci>k0</ci>
                        <ci>M2</ci>
                        <ci>Acetylcholine</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </math>
            </role>
         </variable_ref>
      </reaction>
   </component>
   
   <component name="reaction1">
      <variable name="Beta1_AR" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="Adrenaline" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="Adrenaline_beta1_AR_complex" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_Beta1_AR_rxn1" public_interface="out" units="flux" />
      <variable name="delta_Adrenaline_rxn1" public_interface="out" units="flux" />
      <variable name="delta_Adrenaline_beta1_AR_complex_rxn1" public_interface="out" units="flux" />
      <variable name="k1" initial_value="1.0" units="second_order_rate_constant" />
      <variable name="rate" units="flux" />
      <reaction reversible="no">
         <variable_ref variable="Beta1_AR">
            <role role="reactant" delta_variable="delta_Beta1_AR_rxn1" stoichiometry="1" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="Adrenaline">
            <role role="reactant" delta_variable="delta_Adrenaline_rxn1" stoichiometry="1" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="Adrenaline_beta1_AR_complex">
            <role role="product" delta_variable="delta_Adrenaline_beta1_AR_complex_rxn1" stoichiometry="1" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="rate">
            <role role="rate">
               <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
                  <apply>
                     <eq />
                     <ci>rate</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <times />
                        <ci>k1</ci>
                        <ci>Beta1_AR</ci>
                        <ci>Adrenaline</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </math>
            </role>
         </variable_ref>
      </reaction>
   </component>
   
   <component name="reaction2">
      <variable name="Adrenaline" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="Beta2_AR" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="Adrenaline_beta2_AR_complex" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_Adrenaline_rxn2" public_interface="out" units="flux" />
      <variable name="delta_Beta2_AR_rxn2" public_interface="out" units="flux" />
      <variable name="delta_Adrenaline_beta2_AR_complex_rxn2" public_interface="out" units="flux" />
      <variable name="k2" initial_value="1.0" units="second_order_rate_constant" />
      <variable name="rate" units="flux" />
      <reaction reversible="no">
         <variable_ref variable="Adrenaline">
            <role role="reactant" delta_variable="delta_Adrenaline_rxn2" stoichiometry="1" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="Beta2_AR">
            <role role="reactant" delta_variable="delta_Beta2_AR_rxn2" stoichiometry="1" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="Adrenaline_beta2_AR_complex">
            <role role="product" delta_variable="delta_Adrenaline_beta2_AR_complex_rxn2" stoichiometry="1" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="rate">
            <role role="rate">
               <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
                  <apply>
                     <eq />
                     <ci>rate</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <times />
                        <ci>k2</ci>
                        <ci>Adrenaline</ci>
                        <ci>Beta2_AR</ci>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </math>
            </role>
         </variable_ref>
      </reaction>
   </component>
  
   <component name="reaction3">
      <variable name="ATP" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="cAMP" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="active_AC" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_ATP_rxn3" public_interface="out" units="flux" />
      <variable name="delta_cAMP_rxn3" public_interface="out" units="flux" />
      <variable name="km3" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="vmax3" initial_value="1.0" units="flux" />
      <variable name="rate" units="flux" />
      <reaction reversible="no">
         <variable_ref variable="ATP">
            <role role="reactant" delta_variable="delta_ATP_rxn3" stoichiometry="1" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="cAMP">
            <role role="product" delta_variable="delta_cAMP_rxn3" stoichiometry="1" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="active_AC">
            <role role="catalyst" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="rate">
            <role role="rate">
               <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
                  <apply>
                     <eq />
                     <ci>rate</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <divide />
                        <apply>
                           <times />
                           <ci>ATP</ci>
                           <ci>vmax3</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <plus />
                           <ci>km3</ci>
                           <ci>ATP</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </math>
            </role>
         </variable_ref>
      </reaction>
   </component>
  
   <component name="reaction4">
      <variable name="inactive_AC" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="active_AC" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="active_Gs" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="active_Gi" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_inactive_AC_rxn4" public_interface="out" units="flux" />
      <variable name="delta_active_AC_rxn4" public_interface="out" units="flux" />
      <variable name="k4" initial_value="1.0" units="first_order_rate_constant" />
      <variable name="imax6" initial_value="0.0" units="flux" />
      <variable name="km6" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="Vmax4" initial_value="1.0" units="flux" />
      <variable name="km4" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="rate" units="flux" />
      <reaction reversible="no">
         <variable_ref variable="inactive_AC">
            <role role="reactant" delta_variable="delta_inactive_AC_rxn4" stoichiometry="1" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="active_AC">
            <role role="product" delta_variable="delta_active_AC_rxn4" stoichiometry="1" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="active_Gs">
            <role role="activator" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="active_Gi">
            <role role="inhibitor" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="rate">
            <role role="rate">
               <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
                  <apply>
                     <eq />
                     <ci>rate</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <times />
                        <apply>
                           <plus />
                           <ci>imax6</ci>
                           <apply>
                              <divide />
                              <apply>
                                 <minus />
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
                                 <ci>imax6</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <plus />
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
                                 <apply>
                                    <divide />
                                    <ci>active_Gi</ci>
                                    <ci>km6</ci>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <times />
                           <ci>k4</ci>
                           <ci>inactive_AC</ci>
                           <apply>
                              <plus />
                              <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
                              <apply>
                                 <times />
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus />
                                    <ci>Vmax4</ci>
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
                                 </apply>
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus />
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
                                    <apply>
                                       <exp />
                                       <apply>
                                          <minus />
                                          <apply>
                                             <divide />
                                             <ci>active_Gs</ci>
                                             <ci>km4</ci>
                                          </apply>
                                       </apply>
                                    </apply>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </math>
            </role>
         </variable_ref>
      </reaction>
   </component>
  
   <component name="reaction7">
      <variable name="inactive_Gs" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="active_Gs" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="Adrenaline_beta2_AR_complex" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="Adrenaline_beta1_AR_complex" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_inactive_Gs_rxn7" public_interface="out" units="flux" />
      <variable name="delta_active_Gs_rxn7" public_interface="out" units="flux" />
      <variable name="k7" initial_value="1.0" units="first_order_rate_constant" />
      <variable name="Vmax7" initial_value="1.0" units="flux" />
      <variable name="km7" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="Vmax7a" initial_value="1.0" units="flux" />
      <variable name="km7a" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="rate" units="flux" />
      <reaction reversible="no">
         <variable_ref variable="inactive_Gs">
            <role role="reactant" delta_variable="delta_inactive_Gs_rxn7" stoichiometry="1" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="active_Gs">
            <role role="product" delta_variable="delta_active_Gs_rxn7" stoichiometry="1" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="Adrenaline_beta1_AR_complex">
            <role role="activator" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="Adrenaline_beta2_AR_complex">
            <role role="activator" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="rate">
            <role role="rate">
               <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
                  <apply>
                     <eq />
                     <ci>rate</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <times />
                        <ci>k7</ci>
                        <ci>inactive_Gs</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <plus />
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
                           <apply>
                              <times />
                              <apply>
                                 <minus />
                                 <ci>Vmax7</ci>
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus />
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
                                 <apply>
                                    <exp />
                                    <apply>
                                       <minus />
                                       <apply>
                                          <divide />
                                          <ci>Adrenaline_beta1_AR_complex</ci>
                                          <ci>km7</ci>
                                       </apply>
                                    </apply>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <plus />
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
                           <apply>
                              <times />
                              <apply>
                                 <minus />
                                 <ci>Vmax7a</ci>
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus />
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
                                 <apply>
                                    <exp />
                                    <apply>
                                       <minus />
                                       <apply>
                                          <divide />
                                          <ci>Adrenaline_beta2_AR_complex</ci>
                                          <ci>km7a</ci>
                                       </apply>
                                    </apply>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </math>
            </role>
         </variable_ref>
      </reaction>
   </component>
 
   <component name="reaction10">
      <variable name="inactive_Gi" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="active_Gi" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="Acetylcholine_M2_complex" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_inactive_Gi_rxn10" public_interface="out" units="flux" />
      <variable name="delta_active_Gi_rxn10" public_interface="out" units="flux" />
      <variable name="k10" initial_value="1.0" units="first_order_rate_constant" />
      <variable name="Vmax10" initial_value="1.0" units="flux" />
      <variable name="km10" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="rate" units="flux" />
      <reaction reversible="no">
         <variable_ref variable="inactive_Gi">
            <role role="reactant" delta_variable="delta_inactive_Gi_rxn10" stoichiometry="1" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="active_Gi">
            <role role="product" delta_variable="delta_active_Gi_rxn10" stoichiometry="1" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="Acetylcholine_M2_complex">
            <role role="activator" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="rate">
            <role role="rate">
               <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
                  <apply>
                     <eq />
                     <ci>rate</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <times />
                        <ci>k10</ci>
                        <ci>inactive_Gi</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <plus />
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
                           <apply>
                              <times />
                              <apply>
                                 <minus />
                                 <ci>Vmax10</ci>
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus />
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
                                 <apply>
                                    <exp />
                                    <apply>
                                       <minus />
                                       <apply>
                                          <divide />
                                          <ci>Acetylcholine_M2_complex</ci>
                                          <ci>km10</ci>
                                       </apply>
                                    </apply>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </math>
            </role>
         </variable_ref>
      </reaction>
   </component>
  
   <component name="reaction12">
      <variable name="cAMP" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="AMP" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="PDE" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_cAMP_rxn12" public_interface="out" units="flux" />
      <variable name="delta_AMP_rxn12" public_interface="out" units="flux" />
      <variable name="km12" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="vmax12" initial_value="1.0" units="flux" />
      <variable name="rate" units="flux" />
      <reaction reversible="no">
         <variable_ref variable="cAMP">
            <role role="reactant" delta_variable="delta_cAMP_rxn12" stoichiometry="1" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="AMP">
            <role role="product" delta_variable="delta_AMP_rxn12" stoichiometry="1" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="PDE">
            <role role="catalyst" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="rate">
            <role role="rate">
               <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
                  <apply>
                     <eq />
                     <ci>rate</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <divide />
                        <apply>
                           <times />
                           <ci>cAMP</ci>
                           <ci>vmax12</ci>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <plus />
                           <ci>km12</ci>
                           <ci>cAMP</ci>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </math>
            </role>
         </variable_ref>
      </reaction>
   </component>
  
   <component name="reaction13">
      <variable name="L_type_Ca_channel" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="P" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="Phosphorylated_active_L_type_Ca_channel" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="active_PKA" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="PP1" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="PP2A" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_L_type_Ca_channel_rxn13" public_interface="out" units="flux" />
      <variable name="delta_P_rxn13" public_interface="out" units="flux" />
      <variable name="delta_Phosphorylated_active_L_type_Ca_channel_rxn13" public_interface="out" units="flux" />
      <variable name="km13" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="vmax13" initial_value="1.0" units="flux" />
      <variable name="imax16" initial_value="0.0" units="flux" />
      <variable name="km16" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="imax17" initial_value="0.0" units="flux" />
      <variable name="km17" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="rate" units="flux" />
      <reaction reversible="no">
         <variable_ref variable="L_type_Ca_channel">
            <role role="reactant" delta_variable="delta_L_type_Ca_channel_rxn13" stoichiometry="1" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="P">
            <role role="reactant" delta_variable="delta_P_rxn13" stoichiometry="1" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="Phosphorylated_active_L_type_Ca_channel">
            <role role="product" delta_variable="delta_Phosphorylated_active_L_type_Ca_channel_rxn13" stoichiometry="1" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="active_PKA">
            <role role="catalyst" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="PP1">
            <role role="inhibitor" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="PP2A">
            <role role="inhibitor" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="rate">
            <role role="rate">
               <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
                  <apply>
                     <eq />
                     <ci>rate</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <times />
                        <apply>
                           <plus />
                           <ci>imax17</ci>
                           <apply>
                              <divide />
                              <apply>
                                 <minus />
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
                                 <ci>imax17</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <plus />
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
                                 <apply>
                                    <divide />
                                    <ci>PP2A</ci>
                                    <ci>km17</ci>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                        <apply>
                           <times />
                           <apply>
                              <plus />
                              <ci>imax16</ci>
                              <apply>
                                 <divide />
                                 <apply>
                                    <minus />
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
                                    <ci>imax16</ci>
                                 </apply>
                                 <apply>
                                    <plus />
                                    <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
                                    <apply>
                                       <divide />
                                       <ci>PP1</ci>
                                       <ci>km16</ci>
                                    </apply>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                           <apply>
                              <divide />
                              <apply>
                                 <times />
                                 <ci>L_type_Ca_channel</ci>
                                 <ci>P</ci>
                                 <ci>vmax13</ci>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <plus />
                                 <ci>km13</ci>
                                 <ci>L_type_Ca_channel</ci>
                                 <ci>P</ci>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </math>
            </role>
         </variable_ref>
      </reaction>
   </component>
  
   <component name="reaction14">
      <variable name="inactive_PKA" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="active_PKA" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="cAMP" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_inactive_PKA_rxn14" public_interface="out" units="flux" />
      <variable name="delta_active_PKA_rxn14" public_interface="out" units="flux" />
      <variable name="k14" initial_value="1.0" units="first_order_rate_constant" />
      <variable name="Vmax14" initial_value="1.0" units="flux" />
      <variable name="km14" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="rate" units="flux" />
      <reaction reversible="no">
         <variable_ref variable="inactive_PKA">
            <role role="reactant" delta_variable="delta_inactive_PKA_rxn14" stoichiometry="1" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="active_PKA">
            <role role="product" delta_variable="delta_active_PKA_rxn14" stoichiometry="1" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="cAMP">
            <role role="activator" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="rate">
            <role role="rate">
               <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
                  <apply>
                     <eq />
                     <ci>rate</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <times />
                        <ci>k14</ci>
                        <ci>inactive_PKA</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <plus />
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
                           <apply>
                              <times />
                              <apply>
                                 <minus />
                                 <ci>Vmax14</ci>
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus />
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
                                 <apply>
                                    <exp />
                                    <apply>
                                       <minus />
                                       <apply>
                                          <divide />
                                          <ci>cAMP</ci>
                                          <ci>km14</ci>
                                       </apply>
                                    </apply>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </math>
            </role>
         </variable_ref>
      </reaction>
   </component>
  
   <component name="reaction18">
      <variable name="Extracellular_Ca" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="Intracellular_Ca" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="Phosphorylated_active_L_type_Ca_channel" public_interface="in" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="delta_Extracellular_Ca_rxn18" public_interface="out" units="flux" />
      <variable name="delta_Intracellular_Ca_rxn18" public_interface="out" units="flux" />
      <variable name="k18" initial_value="1.0" units="dimensionless" />
      <variable name="Vmax18" initial_value="1.0" units="flux" />
      <variable name="km18" initial_value="1.0" units="micromolar" />
      <variable name="rate" units="flux" />
      <reaction reversible="no">
         <variable_ref variable="Extracellular_Ca">
            <role role="reactant" delta_variable="delta_Extracellular_Ca_rxn18" stoichiometry="1" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="Intracellular_Ca">
            <role role="product" delta_variable="delta_Intracellular_Ca_rxn18" stoichiometry="1" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="Phosphorylated_active_L_type_Ca_channel">
            <role role="activator" />
         </variable_ref>
         <variable_ref variable="rate">
            <role role="rate">
               <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML">
                  <apply>
                     <eq />
                     <ci>rate</ci>
                     <apply>
                        <times />
                        <ci>k18</ci>
                        <ci>Extracellular_Ca</ci>
                        <apply>
                           <plus />
                           <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
                           <apply>
                              <times />
                              <apply>
                                 <minus />
                                 <ci>Vmax18</ci>
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
                              </apply>
                              <apply>
                                 <minus />
                                 <cn cellml:units="dimensionless">1.0</cn>
                                 <apply>
                                    <exp />
                                    <apply>
                                       <minus />
                                       <apply>
                                          <divide />
                                <ci>Phosphorylated_active_L_type_Ca_channel</ci>
                                          <ci>km18</ci>
                                       </apply>
                                    </apply>
                                 </apply>
                              </apply>
                           </apply>
                        </apply>
                     </apply>
                  </apply>
               </math>
            </role>
         </variable_ref>
      </reaction>
   </component>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Beta1_AR" component_2="reaction1" />
      <map_variables variable_1="Beta1_AR" variable_2="Beta1_AR" />
      <map_variables variable_1="delta_Beta1_AR_rxn1" variable_2="delta_Beta1_AR_rxn1" />
   </connection>
  
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="active_Gs" component_2="reaction7" />
      <map_variables variable_1="active_Gs" variable_2="active_Gs" />
      <map_variables variable_1="delta_active_Gs_rxn7" variable_2="delta_active_Gs_rxn7" />
   </connection>
  
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="active_Gs" component_2="reaction4" />
      <map_variables variable_1="active_Gs" variable_2="active_Gs" />
   </connection>
  
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="active_AC" component_2="reaction4" />
      <map_variables variable_1="active_AC" variable_2="active_AC" />
      <map_variables variable_1="delta_active_AC_rxn4" variable_2="delta_active_AC_rxn4" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="active_AC" component_2="reaction3" />
      <map_variables variable_1="active_AC" variable_2="active_AC" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="M2" component_2="reaction0" />
      <map_variables variable_1="M2" variable_2="M2" />
      <map_variables variable_1="delta_M2_rxn0" variable_2="delta_M2_rxn0" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="active_Gi" component_2="reaction10" />
      <map_variables variable_1="active_Gi" variable_2="active_Gi" />
      <map_variables variable_1="delta_active_Gi_rxn10" variable_2="delta_active_Gi_rxn10" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="ATP" component_2="reaction3" />
      <map_variables variable_1="ATP" variable_2="ATP" />
      <map_variables variable_1="delta_ATP_rxn3" variable_2="delta_ATP_rxn3" />
   </connection>
  
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="cAMP" component_2="reaction3" />
      <map_variables variable_1="cAMP" variable_2="cAMP" />
      <map_variables variable_1="delta_cAMP_rxn3" variable_2="delta_cAMP_rxn3" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="cAMP" component_2="reaction12" />
      <map_variables variable_1="cAMP" variable_2="cAMP" />
      <map_variables variable_1="delta_cAMP_rxn12" variable_2="delta_cAMP_rxn12" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="cAMP" component_2="reaction14" />
      <map_variables variable_1="cAMP" variable_2="cAMP" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="L_type_Ca_channel" component_2="reaction13" />
      <map_variables variable_1="L_type_Ca_channel" variable_2="L_type_Ca_channel" />
      <map_variables variable_1="delta_L_type_Ca_channel_rxn13" variable_2="delta_L_type_Ca_channel_rxn13" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="P" component_2="reaction13" />
      <map_variables variable_1="P" variable_2="P" />
      <map_variables variable_1="delta_P_rxn13" variable_2="delta_P_rxn13" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="active_PKA" component_2="reaction14" />
      <map_variables variable_1="active_PKA" variable_2="active_PKA" />
      <map_variables variable_1="delta_active_PKA_rxn14" variable_2="delta_active_PKA_rxn14" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="active_PKA" component_2="reaction13" />
      <map_variables variable_1="active_PKA" variable_2="active_PKA" />
   </connection>
  
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Beta2_AR" component_2="reaction2" />
      <map_variables variable_1="Beta2_AR" variable_2="Beta2_AR" />
      <map_variables variable_1="delta_Beta2_AR_rxn2" variable_2="delta_Beta2_AR_rxn2" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Adrenaline" component_2="reaction1" />
      <map_variables variable_1="Adrenaline" variable_2="Adrenaline" />
      <map_variables variable_1="delta_Adrenaline_rxn1" variable_2="delta_Adrenaline_rxn1" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Adrenaline" component_2="reaction2" />
      <map_variables variable_1="Adrenaline" variable_2="Adrenaline" />
      <map_variables variable_1="delta_Adrenaline_rxn2" variable_2="delta_Adrenaline_rxn2" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Acetylcholine" component_2="reaction0" />
      <map_variables variable_1="Acetylcholine" variable_2="Acetylcholine" />
      <map_variables variable_1="delta_Acetylcholine_rxn0" variable_2="delta_Acetylcholine_rxn0" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Acetylcholine_M2_complex" component_2="reaction0" />
      <map_variables variable_1="Acetylcholine_M2_complex" variable_2="Acetylcholine_M2_complex" />
      <map_variables variable_1="delta_Acetylcholine_M2_complex_rxn0" variable_2="delta_Acetylcholine_M2_complex_rxn0" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Acetylcholine_M2_complex" component_2="reaction10" />
      <map_variables variable_1="Acetylcholine_M2_complex" variable_2="Acetylcholine_M2_complex" />
   </connection>
  
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Adrenaline_beta1_AR_complex" component_2="reaction1" />
      <map_variables variable_1="Adrenaline_beta1_AR_complex" variable_2="Adrenaline_beta1_AR_complex" />
      <map_variables variable_1="delta_Adrenaline_beta1_AR_complex_rxn1" variable_2="delta_Adrenaline_beta1_AR_complex_rxn1" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Adrenaline_beta1_AR_complex" component_2="reaction7" />
      <map_variables variable_1="Adrenaline_beta1_AR_complex" variable_2="Adrenaline_beta1_AR_complex" />
   </connection>
  
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Adrenaline_beta2_AR_complex" component_2="reaction2" />
      <map_variables variable_1="Adrenaline_beta2_AR_complex" variable_2="Adrenaline_beta2_AR_complex" />
      <map_variables variable_1="delta_Adrenaline_beta2_AR_complex_rxn2" variable_2="delta_Adrenaline_beta2_AR_complex_rxn2" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Adrenaline_beta2_AR_complex" component_2="reaction7" />
      <map_variables variable_1="Adrenaline_beta2_AR_complex" variable_2="Adrenaline_beta2_AR_complex" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="inactive_AC" component_2="reaction4" />
      <map_variables variable_1="inactive_AC" variable_2="inactive_AC" />
      <map_variables variable_1="delta_inactive_AC_rxn4" variable_2="delta_inactive_AC_rxn4" />
   </connection>
  
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="inactive_Gs" component_2="reaction7" />
      <map_variables variable_1="inactive_Gs" variable_2="inactive_Gs" />
      <map_variables variable_1="delta_inactive_Gs_rxn7" variable_2="delta_inactive_Gs_rxn7" />
   </connection>
  
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="inactive_Gi" component_2="reaction10" />
      <map_variables variable_1="inactive_Gi" variable_2="inactive_Gi" />
      <map_variables variable_1="delta_inactive_Gi_rxn10" variable_2="delta_inactive_Gi_rxn10" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="AMP" component_2="reaction12" />
      <map_variables variable_1="AMP" variable_2="AMP" />
      <map_variables variable_1="delta_AMP_rxn12" variable_2="delta_AMP_rxn12" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="PDE" component_2="reaction12" />
      <map_variables variable_1="PDE" variable_2="PDE" />
   </connection>
  
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Phosphorylated_active_L_type_Ca_channel" component_2="reaction13" />
      <map_variables variable_1="Phosphorylated_active_L_type_Ca_channel" variable_2="Phosphorylated_active_L_type_Ca_channel" />
      <map_variables variable_1="delta_Phosphorylated_active_L_type_Ca_channel_rxn13" variable_2="delta_Phosphorylated_active_L_type_Ca_channel_rxn13" />
   </connection>
  
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Phosphorylated_active_L_type_Ca_channel" component_2="reaction18" />
      <map_variables variable_1="Phosphorylated_active_L_type_Ca_channel" variable_2="Phosphorylated_active_L_type_Ca_channel" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="inactive_PKA" component_2="reaction14" />
      <map_variables variable_1="inactive_PKA" variable_2="inactive_PKA" />
      <map_variables variable_1="delta_inactive_PKA_rxn14" variable_2="delta_inactive_PKA_rxn14" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Extracellular_Ca" component_2="reaction18" />
      <map_variables variable_1="Extracellular_Ca" variable_2="Extracellular_Ca" />
      <map_variables variable_1="delta_Extracellular_Ca_rxn18" variable_2="delta_Extracellular_Ca_rxn18" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Intracellular_Ca" component_2="reaction18" />
      <map_variables variable_1="Intracellular_Ca" variable_2="Intracellular_Ca" />
      <map_variables variable_1="delta_Intracellular_Ca_rxn18" variable_2="delta_Intracellular_Ca_rxn18" />
   </connection>
  
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="active_Gi" component_2="reaction4" />
      <map_variables variable_1="active_Gi" variable_2="active_Gi" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="PP1" component_2="reaction13" />
      <map_variables variable_1="PP1" variable_2="PP1" />
   </connection>
 
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="PP2A" component_2="reaction13" />
      <map_variables variable_1="PP2A" variable_2="PP2A" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Beta1_AR" component_2="environment" />
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
   </connection>
  
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="active_Gs" component_2="environment" />
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
   </connection>
  
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="active_AC" component_2="environment" />
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
   </connection>
  
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="M2" component_2="environment" />
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
   </connection>
  
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="active_Gi" component_2="environment" />
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
   </connection>
  
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="ATP" component_2="environment" />
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="cAMP" component_2="environment" />
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="L_type_Ca_channel" component_2="environment" />
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
   </connection>
  
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="active_PKA" component_2="environment" />
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Beta2_AR" component_2="environment" />
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="PP1" component_2="environment" />
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="PP2A" component_2="environment" />
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
   </connection>
  
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="P" component_2="environment" />
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
   </connection>
  
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Adrenaline" component_2="environment" />
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
   </connection>
  
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Acetylcholine" component_2="environment" />
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Acetylcholine_M2_complex" component_2="environment" />
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
   </connection>
  
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Adrenaline_beta1_AR_complex" component_2="environment" />
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Adrenaline_beta2_AR_complex" component_2="environment" />
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="inactive_AC" component_2="environment" />
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
   </connection>
 
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="inactive_Gs" component_2="environment" />
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
   </connection>
  
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="inactive_Gi" component_2="environment" />
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="AMP" component_2="environment" />
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="PDE" component_2="environment" />
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
   </connection>
   
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Phosphorylated_active_L_type_Ca_channel" component_2="environment" />
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
   </connection>
  
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="inactive_PKA" component_2="environment" />
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
   </connection>
  
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Extracellular_Ca" component_2="environment" />
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
   </connection>
  
   <connection>
      <map_components component_1="Intracellular_Ca" component_2="environment" />
      <map_variables variable_1="time" variable_2="time" />
   </connection>
</model>
